committers.top

A list of the most active GitHub users

Most active GitHub users in Algeria

This is a list of most active GitHub users in Algeria over the past year. Other countries/regions can be found here. This list was generated at 2026-03-04 05:25:05 +0000 and machine-readable JSON is available for:

This list is generated with this piece of code. The logic is as follows (in pseudocode): 

githubUsers.sort(_.followers)
           .filter(_.location == 'Algeria') 
           .take(1000)
           .sort(_.contributions)
           .take(256)

This list contains all public contributions for each user. There are 10924 total users in the region and you need at least 17 followers to be on this list.

Badges are also available, which you can include on your profile pages. Simply include the following markdown for users: 

[![committers.top badge](https://user-badge.committers.top/algeria_public/USERNAME.svg)](https://user-badge.committers.top/algeria_public/USERNAME)
For organizations, you need to use a slightly different markup: 
[![committers.top badge](https://org-badge.committers.top/algeria_public/ORGNAME.svg)](https://org-badge.committers.top/algeria_public/ORGNAME)
In case you aren't currently ranked on this page, you'll simply receive an "unranked" badge.

Rank User Contribs Picture
1. MedRedha
(Mohamed Redha Khelifi)		 2482 Avatar for MedRedha
2. Kadacheahmedrami
(Kadache ahmed rami)		 2453 Avatar for Kadacheahmedrami
3. s77rt
(Abdelhafidh Belalia)		 1694 Avatar for s77rt
4. youknowriad
(Riad Benguella)		 1488 Avatar for youknowriad
5. bitsnaps
(Ibrahim H.)		 1371 Avatar for bitsnaps
6. HichemTab-tech
(Hichem Taboukouyout)		 1322 Avatar for HichemTab-tech
7. adelpro
(adelpro)		 1253 Avatar for adelpro
8. splimter
(Merah Soheyb)		 1243 Avatar for splimter
9. yasserbdj96
(Boudjada Yasser)		 1188 Avatar for yasserbdj96
10. merzouka
(merzouka youness)		 1140 Avatar for merzouka
11. phantekzy
(Maini Lotfi )		 1099 Avatar for phantekzy
12. ita27rmp100
(Tayeb Abderahim Ismail)		 898 Avatar for ita27rmp100
13. YasserCherfaoui
(Yasser Cherfaoui)		 886 Avatar for YasserCherfaoui
14. Sauzxa
(FERGUENE Abdelraouf)		 871 Avatar for Sauzxa
15. gBillal
(Billal Ghilas)		 838 Avatar for gBillal
16. SpeedCode210
(Raouf Ould Ali)		 831 Avatar for SpeedCode210
17. hmzgtl16
(GATTAL Hamza)		 778 Avatar for hmzgtl16
18. neon-x-hub
(Abderrahmane MEMMOU)		 774 Avatar for neon-x-hub
19. MehdiChinoune
(مهدي شينون (Mehdi Chinoune))		 763 Avatar for MehdiChinoune
20. nferhat
(Nadjib Ferhat)		 743 Avatar for nferhat
21. chiefkarim
(karim menna)		 690 Avatar for chiefkarim
22. LechehebDjaafar
(Lecheheb Djaafar)		 680 Avatar for LechehebDjaafar
23. youcefSpring
(Youcef Benabderrezak)		 647 Avatar for youcefSpring
24. ayoubbezai
(Ayoubbezai)		 632 Avatar for ayoubbezai
25. ikram713
(ikram messaoud)		 627 Avatar for ikram713
26. afadel151
(Fadel Akram)		 623 Avatar for afadel151
27. mhdcodes
(MHD)		 598 Avatar for mhdcodes
28. yasserfedsi
(Yasser Fedsi)		 597 Avatar for yasserfedsi
29. WalaEddine01
(Wala Eddine)		 595 Avatar for WalaEddine01
30. bkader
(Kader Bouyakoub)		 594 Avatar for bkader
31. haithamaouati
(Haitham Aouati)		 593 Avatar for haithamaouati
32. Ferhatmedtahar
(Ferhat Mohamed Tahar)		 593 Avatar for Ferhatmedtahar
33. Adel2411
(HADJ ARAB Adel)		 592 Avatar for Adel2411
34. fadibenz
(fadi)		 585 Avatar for fadibenz
35. YounesBensafia
(Younès BENSAFIA)		 567 Avatar for YounesBensafia
36. mohamadlounnas
(mohamad lounnas)		 564 Avatar for mohamadlounnas
37. MohamedMouloudj
(Mohamed Mouloudj)		 561 Avatar for MohamedMouloudj
38. VRMX2
(GRISSI LAHCEN)		 553 Avatar for VRMX2
39. serghine-abdelillah
(Abdelillah Serghine)		 550 Avatar for serghine-abdelillah
40. younes-ammari
(Younes AMMARI)		 516 Avatar for younes-ammari
41. YasserNull
(Yasser Null )		 516 Avatar for YasserNull
42. aladin002dz
(Mahfoudh Arous)		 512 Avatar for aladin002dz
43. linuxscout
(Taha Zerrouki (طه زروقي ))		 508 Avatar for linuxscout
44. aminedachir
(Amine Dachir (Azario) ☄️☄️☄️☄️☄️☄️☄️☄️☄️)		 502 Avatar for aminedachir
45. okba14
(GUIAR OQBA)		 493 Avatar for okba14
46. AmineDerbal
(Amine Derbal)		 489 Avatar for AmineDerbal
47. abdelillahbel
(Abdel Illah Belaoudj)		 483 Avatar for abdelillahbel
48. amine-kherroubi
(Amine Kherroubi)		 477 Avatar for amine-kherroubi
49. youben11
(Ayoub Benaissa)		 476 Avatar for youben11
50. aouintihouari
(Houari Aouinti)		 476 Avatar for aouintihouari
51. amuza2
(Mohammed Chami)		 475 Avatar for amuza2
52. zakariakebairia
(Zakaria Kebairia)		 473 Avatar for zakariakebairia
53. syvixor
()		 444 Avatar for syvixor
54. Mezghenna-Mohanned
(Mezghenna Mohanned)		 438 Avatar for Mezghenna-Mohanned
55. sohaibafifi
(Sohaib Afifi)		 436 Avatar for sohaibafifi
56. mohaneddz
(Mohaned-Dz)		 433 Avatar for mohaneddz
57. rx7iiim
(rahim)		 431 Avatar for rx7iiim
58. 0xkryvon
(Lyes Boudjabout)		 425 Avatar for 0xkryvon
59. hxuu
(Hxuu)		 424 Avatar for hxuu
60. lyes-mersel
(Lyes Mersel)		 409 Avatar for lyes-mersel
61. abd0hrz
(Harizi B.)		 388 Avatar for abd0hrz
62. tarek-ait
(Tarek Ait Ahmed)		 370 Avatar for tarek-ait
63. edaywalid
(Bechar Walid)		 369 Avatar for edaywalid
64. KhalilBensaha
(bensaha khalil)		 367 Avatar for KhalilBensaha
65. mr-abdellah
(Abdellah Belkaid)		 362 Avatar for mr-abdellah
66. kh-mahmoud
(Khouchane Mahmoud)		 361 Avatar for kh-mahmoud
67. senadir
(Seghir Nadir)		 352 Avatar for senadir
68. fatmakhadidja
(Khadidja Fatma)		 335 Avatar for fatmakhadidja
69. chihebabiza
(Chiheb abiza)		 334 Avatar for chihebabiza
70. Rics-Dev
(Ric's Dev)		 334 Avatar for Rics-Dev
71. salahmak
(Salah Eddine Makdour)		 329 Avatar for salahmak
72. dr-saad-la
(Dr.Saad.L)		 321 Avatar for dr-saad-la
73. nxr-dine
(Bouderbala Noureddine)		 317 Avatar for nxr-dine
74. chrhi
(Abdullah Chehri)		 317 Avatar for chrhi
75. Nawel-Bellil
(Nawel BELLIL)		 313 Avatar for Nawel-Bellil
76. Semai-Mohamed
(Semai Mohammed)		 312 Avatar for Semai-Mohamed
77. abdorayden
(Ray Den)		 311 Avatar for abdorayden
78. Edward-NewGate-KOC
(Edward)		 297 Avatar for Edward-NewGate-KOC
79. nouaridev
(devpro)		 297 Avatar for nouaridev
80. BENMEZIAN
(Abdelmalek BENMEZIANE)		 294 Avatar for BENMEZIAN
81. raufzer
(Rauf)		 294 Avatar for raufzer
82. rhaym-tech
(Ghellab Abderrahmane)		 293 Avatar for rhaym-tech
83. Kader1680
(Abdelkader Ould Hennia )		 290 Avatar for Kader1680
84. Roufaida-As
(Asbar Roufaida)		 287 Avatar for Roufaida-As
85. mrunix00
(Mr.UNIX)		 285 Avatar for mrunix00
86. Chakibceran22
(Chakib grb)		 282 Avatar for Chakibceran22
87. xCyberpunkx
(rouabah zin eddine)		 280 Avatar for xCyberpunkx
88. akramoo
(Samir Akram OUNIS)		 276 Avatar for akramoo
89. yuroyami
(Akram)		 270 Avatar for yuroyami
90. 0xHadyy
(hadyy)		 267 Avatar for 0xHadyy
91. salihbezai
(Salih bezai)		 265 Avatar for salihbezai
92. ramzykemmoun
(Ramzy KEMMOUN)		 263 Avatar for ramzykemmoun
93. alexrcore
(Alex Ryan)		 263 Avatar for alexrcore
94. Untitled-Master
(Ahmed Belmehnouf)		 252 Avatar for Untitled-Master
95. dombroks
(Younes Belouche)		 250 Avatar for dombroks
96. wailman24
(Wail Mansour Ouahchia)		 242 Avatar for wailman24
97. dzlab
(bachr)		 236 Avatar for dzlab
98. maria-benmabrouk
(BENMABROUK MARIYA)		 234 Avatar for maria-benmabrouk
99. nasrokamora
(Nas@Dev)		 234 Avatar for nasrokamora
100. Anes-Hadim
(Hadim anes)		 234 Avatar for Anes-Hadim
101. Hamza5
(Hamza Abbad)		 233 Avatar for Hamza5
102. InfinityAlgo-Academy
(InfinityAlgo Academy)		 231 Avatar for InfinityAlgo-Academy
103. maxviiiy
(Meriem SOUBIH)		 231 Avatar for maxviiiy
104. BelkacemYerfa
(Yerfa Belkacem)		 231 Avatar for BelkacemYerfa
105. ZX41R
(𝙽!𝙻)		 229 Avatar for ZX41R
106. Samir-Guenchi
(Samir Guenchi)		 229 Avatar for Samir-Guenchi
107. zedsalim
(Salim Zaidi)		 225 Avatar for zedsalim
108. strlrd-29
(Ghribi Ouassim)		 223 Avatar for strlrd-29
109. rafa-houssam
(Rafa Houssam)		 223 Avatar for rafa-houssam
110. abderrahmanebnd
(Abderrahmane Bendaia)		 222 Avatar for abderrahmanebnd
111. moxer-mmh
(moxer_mmh)		 221 Avatar for moxer-mmh
112. monaam
(Abdelmounaam Benhouria)		 219 Avatar for monaam
113. BrahimBenzekri
(𝔹𝕣𝕒𝕙𝕚𝕞 𝔹𝕖𝕟𝕫𝕖𝕜𝕣𝕚)		 218 Avatar for BrahimBenzekri
114. walidozich
(cherchali mohamed walid)		 210 Avatar for walidozich
115. msbelaid
(Mohammed-Said Belaid)		 210 Avatar for msbelaid
116. thenotoriousmehdi
(Mehdi Mamouni)		 208 Avatar for thenotoriousmehdi
117. Pixel2175
()		 207 Avatar for Pixel2175
118. ipenywis
(Islem Maboud)		 206 Avatar for ipenywis
119. Dhia0Eddine
(Guerfi Dhia Eddine)		 202 Avatar for Dhia0Eddine
120. mben-dz
(Mohamed BENAMMAR)		 201 Avatar for mben-dz
121. AnisHr77
(Hadj Ramdane Anis)		 199 Avatar for AnisHr77
122. ABDELLANI-Youcef
(Youcef Abdellani)		 199 Avatar for ABDELLANI-Youcef
123. laminesdev
(Boughaba Mohamed Amine)		 198 Avatar for laminesdev
124. PiusSunday
(Sunnythesage)		 197 Avatar for PiusSunday
125. ZakariaTikialine
(Zakaria Tikialine)		 194 Avatar for ZakariaTikialine
126. scxorps
(Mohamed Elhabib Mehadji)		 194 Avatar for scxorps
127. moulahcene26
(Abdelmounaim Moulahcene)		 193 Avatar for moulahcene26
128. OucheneMohamedNourElIslem658
(Ouchene Mohamed Nour El Islem)		 189 Avatar for OucheneMohamedNourElIslem658
129. YacineMK
(Merrouki Yacine)		 189 Avatar for YacineMK
130. muohannedxd
(Mohanned Kadache)		 188 Avatar for muohannedxd
131. SychO9
(Sami Mazouz)		 187 Avatar for SychO9
132. lumbrjx
(Tayeb)		 186 Avatar for lumbrjx
133. FERRAHmeriem
(Meriem FERRAH)		 186 Avatar for FERRAHmeriem
134. KhaliLounis
(Khalil Stark)		 183 Avatar for KhaliLounis
135. karaOdin
(Kara Odin)		 183 Avatar for karaOdin
136. Mehdi-Rh
(Mehdi Abdelaziz Rahal)		 182 Avatar for Mehdi-Rh
137. z-sohaib
(Zouambia Sohaib)		 181 Avatar for z-sohaib
138. rehhouari
(rafik)		 173 Avatar for rehhouari
139. meddadaek
(AEK)		 170 Avatar for meddadaek
140. Bloul-Mohamed
(Bloul Mohamed Ridha)		 168 Avatar for Bloul-Mohamed
141. Abdelaziz18003
(Abdelaziz Mokhnache)		 168 Avatar for Abdelaziz18003
142. Chamiln17
(Chamel Nadir Bouacha )		 167 Avatar for Chamiln17
143. Gattalraouf
(Gattal abderrraouf)		 167 Avatar for Gattalraouf
144. IssamRamzi
(Kefelle)		 167 Avatar for IssamRamzi
145. meryrahou
(Meriem ( Mery ) RAHOU)		 166 Avatar for meryrahou
146. Terbeche
(Mostefa Terbeche)		 159 Avatar for Terbeche
147. RAHAMNIabdelkaderseifelislem
(RAHMANI AbdElKader Seif El Islem)		 158 Avatar for RAHAMNIabdelkaderseifelislem
148. berwillem
(berchiche willem)		 157 Avatar for berwillem
149. Zineddine-Rebbouh
()		 152 Avatar for Zineddine-Rebbouh
150. AnouarMellouk-Engineer
()		 152 Avatar for AnouarMellouk-Engineer
151. aminetech26
(GUERRAICHE AHMED AMINE)		 152 Avatar for aminetech26
152. nemo256
(Amine Neggazi)		 151 Avatar for nemo256
153. Rayane-Boucheraine
(R4Y4N3)		 150 Avatar for Rayane-Boucheraine
154. islam-heddi
(Islam Heddi)		 149 Avatar for islam-heddi
155. selma-Bentaiba
(Selma)		 148 Avatar for selma-Bentaiba
156. dzc0d3r
(Walid Lamraoui)		 148 Avatar for dzc0d3r
157. NOUHABL
(NOUHA)		 146 Avatar for NOUHABL
158. islamdev2022
(Mohammed Islam Birouk)		 145 Avatar for islamdev2022
159. RaidOuahioune
(Raid Abderrezak Ouahioune)		 144 Avatar for RaidOuahioune
160. youcefbedrani
(Mohammed Adel (Youcef))		 142 Avatar for youcefbedrani
161. Rayane-Aboud
(rayane aboud)		 139 Avatar for Rayane-Aboud
162. BenAbdou1001
(benassloun abdallah)		 138 Avatar for BenAbdou1001
163. ousscher
(Cherguelaine Oussama)		 138 Avatar for ousscher
164. mounirmelzi
(Mounir)		 138 Avatar for mounirmelzi
165. 0ahmed0ghoul
(أحمد غول)		 137 Avatar for 0ahmed0ghoul
166. Aladinta68
(TAHAR ABBES ALA EDDINE)		 137 Avatar for Aladinta68
167. bboysidou
(SidouXP3)		 135 Avatar for bboysidou
168. Rennsen
(Rayan Derradji)		 134 Avatar for Rennsen
169. AMessaoudene
(Kweryzm)		 133 Avatar for AMessaoudene
170. ayadseghairi
(Ayad seghiri)		 133 Avatar for ayadseghairi
171. BrouthenKamel
(Kamel Brouthen)		 132 Avatar for BrouthenKamel
172. ychaouche
(Yassine Chaouche)		 131 Avatar for ychaouche
173. 4zz0u4k
(AbdelAziz Akeb)		 130 Avatar for 4zz0u4k
174. MerzouguiJalil
(Merzougui Mohammed Abdeldjalil)		 130 Avatar for MerzouguiJalil
175. issam-seghir
(Issam Seghir)		 128 Avatar for issam-seghir
176. GhoutiYellesCH
(ghouti yelles chaouche)		 128 Avatar for GhoutiYellesCH
177. HassanDev13
(Hacene Mohamed Zerrouk )		 127 Avatar for HassanDev13
178. yamanidev
(Mohamed Yamani)		 127 Avatar for yamanidev
179. AbdelhadiSeddar
(Abdelhadi Seddar)		 124 Avatar for AbdelhadiSeddar
180. AoufNihed
(Aouf Nihed )		 122 Avatar for AoufNihed
181. mouayed-keziz
(Mouayed Keziz)		 122 Avatar for mouayed-keziz
182. yassineoo
(YASSINE ATTOU)		 121 Avatar for yassineoo
183. abla-rabia
(Abla Rabia)		 121 Avatar for abla-rabia
184. MedjberAbderrahim
(Spinel99)		 121 Avatar for MedjberAbderrahim
185. Midou-Mni
(Midou)		 121 Avatar for Midou-Mni
186. Saboo24
(Amine Hamzaoui)		 120 Avatar for Saboo24
187. darinetag
(Darine Tag)		 118 Avatar for darinetag
188. KhalilMeziane
(Khalil Meziane )		 117 Avatar for KhalilMeziane
189. belabiedredouane
(Belabied Redouane)		 117 Avatar for belabiedredouane
190. OussamaAbderraoufAttia
(Oussama Abderraouf Attia)		 117 Avatar for OussamaAbderraoufAttia
191. khamedtaha
(Mohammed Taha Khamed )		 115 Avatar for khamedtaha
192. TerminalDZ
(Idriss Boukmouche)		 114 Avatar for TerminalDZ
193. AbdeldjalilChougui
(Abdeldjalil Chougui)		 114 Avatar for AbdeldjalilChougui
194. Spounka
(Nazih Boudaakkar)		 113 Avatar for Spounka
195. ZakariaAlz
(Zakaria Alizouaoui )		 113 Avatar for ZakariaAlz
196. nabildroid
(nabil)		 113 Avatar for nabildroid
197. mohamedgb00714
(msaid mohamed el hadi)		 112 Avatar for mohamedgb00714
198. dr1tch
(Youssouf Kacemi )		 111 Avatar for dr1tch
199. abdelnour13
(FELLAH Abdelnour)		 109 Avatar for abdelnour13
200. AkramLZ
(Akram Louze)		 109 Avatar for AkramLZ
201. nzgl-g
(Younes Habbal)		 108 Avatar for nzgl-g
202. adimidania
(Alaa Dania Adimi)		 107 Avatar for adimidania
203. MrSmiiith
(Rayane Merzoug)		 106 Avatar for MrSmiiith
204. RayanZaki
(RayanZak)		 106 Avatar for RayanZaki
205. Hanaa-22
(Hanaa)		 105 Avatar for Hanaa-22
206. Achour
(Achour Meguenni)		 105 Avatar for Achour
207. fathiabdelmalek
(Fathi Abdelmalek)		 105 Avatar for fathiabdelmalek
208. AmraouiKHY
(Amraoui khireddine )		 104 Avatar for AmraouiKHY
209. Faycal214
(faycal_afb)		 103 Avatar for Faycal214
210. SarahSidAhmed
(Sarah Sid)		 103 Avatar for SarahSidAhmed
211. ay-ub
(Ayyoub hadj youcef)		 103 Avatar for ay-ub
212. pharouqy
(Farouk Younsi)		 100 Avatar for pharouqy
213. Imeneallouche
(Imène ALLOUCHE)		 100 Avatar for Imeneallouche
214. yacineLaribi
(Yacine Laribi)		 99 Avatar for yacineLaribi
215. MoonFuji
(Kadri Mohammed Mouncef)		 99 Avatar for MoonFuji
216. proXDhiya
(Dhiya Kellouche)		 98 Avatar for proXDhiya
217. Kirouane-Ayoub
(Kirouane Ayoub)		 98 Avatar for Kirouane-Ayoub
218. ANTEUR3
(ANTEUR YOUNES)		 98 Avatar for ANTEUR3
219. Abderrahmane-41
(ABDERRAHMANE BAATCHIA)		 98 Avatar for Abderrahmane-41
220. IndigoWizard
(IndigoWizard)		 97 Avatar for IndigoWizard
221. SaraBarkat
(Barkat Sara )		 95 Avatar for SaraBarkat
222. SDIDSA
(Zinelabidine Teyar)		 95 Avatar for SDIDSA
223. itsmeisraa
(israa chiheb )		 95 Avatar for itsmeisraa
224. wassil-dev
(Wassil)		 95 Avatar for wassil-dev
225. Derrarabdelillah
(Abdelillah Derrar)		 94 Avatar for Derrarabdelillah
226. Meriem1551
(BOUSSAID MERIEM)		 94 Avatar for Meriem1551
227. HETHAT
(HETHAT Mohamed)		 94 Avatar for HETHAT
228. RIADH-NOURI
(RIADH-NOURI )		 94 Avatar for RIADH-NOURI
229. Djihanegh
(djihane Ghilani)		 93 Avatar for Djihanegh
230. abdelhak-k
(Kadouci Abdelhak)		 93 Avatar for abdelhak-k
231. mohammed-ayoub-javascript
(Mohammed Ayoub)		 93 Avatar for mohammed-ayoub-javascript
232. bry1ni
(Ryan)		 91 Avatar for bry1ni
233. Zineb-Yousfi
(Zineb Yousfi)		 91 Avatar for Zineb-Yousfi
234. AY0UBYOUSFI
(Peter)		 89 Avatar for AY0UBYOUSFI
235. abdallahmehiz
(Abdallah Mehiz)		 89 Avatar for abdallahmehiz
236. Mouhamedtec
(Hassani Mohammed)		 89 Avatar for Mouhamedtec
237. aamxh
(Mohammed Alsayed Ahmed)		 89 Avatar for aamxh
238. theHocineSaad
(Hocine Saad)		 88 Avatar for theHocineSaad
239. bouchrabenkhelifa
(Bouchra Benkhelifa )		 88 Avatar for bouchrabenkhelifa
240. saliiimm
(Ghalem Salim)		 87 Avatar for saliiimm
241. aachraf94
(Abdelkebir Achraf)		 87 Avatar for aachraf94
242. MESSELMIyahya
(Yahya Messelmi)		 87 Avatar for MESSELMIyahya
243. Ziouche-maroua
(Ziouche Maroua)		 87 Avatar for Ziouche-maroua
244. modecode22
(Moncef Aissaoui)		 87 Avatar for modecode22
245. 1hachem
(Hachem Betrouni)		 85 Avatar for 1hachem
246. M4CTAVICH
(MactaLog)		 85 Avatar for M4CTAVICH
247. dhiaa00
(Elaziz Dhia eddine)		 85 Avatar for dhiaa00
248. faycal-gh
(GHALI Faiçal)		 84 Avatar for faycal-gh
249. M0hc3n
(Mohcen Chouireb)		 81 Avatar for M0hc3n
250. samirdjelal
(Samir Djelal)		 81 Avatar for samirdjelal
251. khaledsaoud15
(khaled saoud)		 81 Avatar for khaledsaoud15
252. allilou
(BENAHMED DAHO Ali)		 81 Avatar for allilou
253. AhnizDev
(Khelaf Hanifi)		 80 Avatar for AhnizDev
254. djalilhebal
(Abdeldjalil Hebal)		 78 Avatar for djalilhebal
255. SeM2x
(Houssem Eddine)		 77 Avatar for SeM2x
256. siham-web-dev
(Siham Heddi)		 77 Avatar for siham-web-dev

Organizations

Rank Organization Members
1. gdgalgiers 7
2. shellmates 5
3. microclub-usthb 4
4. wtmalgiers16 3
5. devunionorg 2
6. reactjs 2
7. automattic 2
8. gdsc-ustomb 2
9. evercam 2
10. physia 1